The use of gases in protected cultivation is becoming increasingly important today. The reasons lie in the guaranteed benefits in the production process, the possibility of application in any type of structure, from the traditional greenhouse/glasshouse to the vertical farm, and in any indoor growing methodology.
One of the most significant uses in this regard is the role of CO2 in greenhouses, thanks to the technique of carbonic fertilization.
Let’s look specifically at what it is, what benefits carbonic fertilization provides in terms of productivity, and how SIAD works alongside indoor growers in providing quality CO2.
What does carbonic fertilization consist of?
Carbonic fertilization is the agricultural practice of increasing the CO2 concentration content in the indoor growing environment above what is the normal threshold in the air, which is 400 ppm (parts per million).
This level, for optimal results, can be raised up to 800/1000 ppm, but not beyond, since a higher concentration of CO2 (1600 ppm for prolonged exposure or even 4550 ppm for lower exposure) would be harmful.
Why take action on CO2 concentration in greenhouses and glasshouses ?
Carbon dioxide is one of the fundamental elements for plant growth, as, along with water and light, it enables the phenomenon of chlorophyll photosynthesis, the process necessary for plant nutrition through the synthesizing of complex substances, such as sugar and carbon hydrates.
In indoor cultivation, this can be a limiting factor because of less ventilation than in outdoor cultivation. During the coldest time of the year, when it is necessary to maintain heat inside the greenhouse, the concentration of carbon dioxide can fall below critical levels, slowing down the process of photosynthesis.
Therefore, continuous monitoring of CO2 concentration and the technique of carbonic fertilization become a becomes crucial steps in successful cultivation.
In practice, putting CO2 into the greenhouse in a controlled manner increases productivity by up to 40% , a percentage that can vary depending on the crop.
Which crops benefit the most from CO2?
The benefits of carbonic fertilization are evident in vere many crops. Just to give a few examples:
- Tomatoes
- Cucumbers
- Strawberries
- Lettuces (especially “baby leaves”)
- Rosa Edith
- Christmas star
Currently, there are no particular limits and international trials are underway on a very wide range of crops.
In addition, the effectiveness of carbonic fertilization, proven by scientific studies and practical results, brings additional benefits in addition to increased productivity.
For example, there is superior homogeneity in size and color, as well as greater resistance to weather stresses (excessive heat, drought, less light, …). In addition, an increase in the weight and number of fruits is found in vegetables.
SIAD group and carbon fertilization to support indoor growers
SIAD’s contribution to support indoor growers is not limited to the supply of CO2 for greenhouses, vertical farms, etc., but consists of a series of consulting practices for the proper application of the carbon fertilization technique.
First and foremost is the assessment of energy consumption, which is often related to greenhouse size and crop type.
With SIAD, growers can conduct preventive tests to precisely assess the amount of CO2 necessary in specific cases and, accordingly, the most appropriate technology. For such tests, SIAD will provide storage either in the form of a cryogenic tank with associated evaporator or in cylinder packs with compressed gas with relevant instrumentation for safe gas delivery.
Gas supply can be managed automatically: the control panel receives the signal from the carbon dioxide analyzer installed in the growth areaand comparing it with the desired gas content, opens or closes an appropriate solenoid valve installed on the distribution line.
Additionaly, to offer a total support service, we are creating a network of agronomists and experts. Where they are not already present within farms, consultants will support the farmer in choosing the correct parameters to set for qualitatively and quantitatively efficient production.
To learn more you can contact us from here.
